Environmental Changes
| Subdivisions of the Quaternary System | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| System | Series | Stage | Age (Ma) |
| Quaternary | Holocene | 0–0.0117 | |
| Pleistocene | Tarantian (Upper) | 0.0117–0.126 | |
| Ionian (Middle) | 0.126–0.781 | ||
| Calabrian (Lower) | 0.781–1.806 | ||
| Gelasian (Lower) | 1.806–2.588 | ||
| In Europe and North America, the Holocene is subdivided into Preboreal, Boreal, Atlantic, Subboreal, and Subatlantic stages of the Blytt-Sernander time scale. There are many regional subdivisions for the Upper or Late Pleistocene, usually these represent locally recognized cold (glacial) and warm (interglacial) periods. The last glacial period ends with the cold Younger Dryas substage. | |||
- c. 9000 BC: Temporary global chilling, as the Gulf Stream pulls southward, and Europe ices over (1990 Rand McNally Atlas)
Read more about this topic: 9th Millennium BC