Cicero - Works

Works

Cicero was declared a "righteous pagan" by the early Catholic Church, and therefore many of his works were deemed worthy of preservation. Subsequent Roman writers quoted liberally from his works De Re Publica (On The Republic) and De Legibus (On The Laws), and much of his work has been recreated from these surviving fragments. Cicero also articulated an early, abstract conceptualization of rights, based on ancient law and custom. Of Cicero's books, six on rhetoric have survived, as well as parts of eight on philosophy. Of his speeches, 88 were recorded, but only 58 survive.

Speeches

• (80 BC) Pro Roscio Amerino (In Defense of Sextus Roscius of Ameria)
• (70 BC) In Verrem (Against Gaius Verres, or The Verrine Orations)
• (66 BC) Pro Cluentio (On behalf of Aulus Cluentius)
• (63 BC) In Catilinam I-IV (Catiline Orations or Against Catiline) Archived March 2, 2005 at the Wayback Machine
• (63 BC) Pro Murena (In Defense of Lucius Licinius Murena, in the court for electoral bribery)
• (62 BC) Pro Archia Poeta (In Defense of Aulus Licinius Archias the poet)
• (56 BC) Pro Caelio (In Defense of Marcus Caelius Rufus): English translation
• (52 BC) Pro Milone (In Defense of Titus Annius Milo)
• (44 BC) Philippicae (the 14 philippics, Philippica I–XIV, against Mark Antony)
• "De Imperio Gnaei Pompei" ("On the Command of Gnaeus Pompey", in support of Pompey's appointment to command the Roman forces against Mithridates V)

Rhetoric & Philosophy

• (55 BC) De Oratore ad Quintum fratrem libri tres (On the Orator, three books for his brother Quintus)
• (51 BC) De Re Publica (On the Republic)
• (?? BC) De Legibus (On the Laws)
• (46 BC) Brutus (Brutus)
• (46 BC) Orator (Orator)
• (45 BC) Academica (On Academic Skepticism)
• (45 BC) De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum (On the Ends of Good and Bad Things) - a book on ethics. Source of Lorem ipsum. Title also translated as "On Moral Ends"
• (45 BC) Tusculanae Quaestiones (Tusculan Disputations)
• (45 BC) Hortensius - an exhortation to philosophy, now lost.
• (45 BC) De Natura Deorum (On the Nature of the Gods)
• (44 BC) De Divinatione (On Divination)
• (44 BC) De Fato (On Fate)
• (44 BC) Cato Maior de Senectute (Cato the Elder On Old Age)
• (44 BC) Laelius de Amicitia (Laelius On Friendship)
• (44 BC) De Gloria (On Glory) - now lost.
• (44 BC) De Officiis (On Duties)

Letters

More than 900 letters by Cicero to others have survived, and over 100 letters from others to him.

• (68–43 BC) Epistulae ad Atticum (Letters to Atticus)
• (59–54 BC) Epistulae ad Quintum Fratrem (Letters to his brother Quintus)
• (43 BC) Epistulae ad Brutum (Letters to Brutus)
• (62–43 BC) Epistulae ad Familiares (Letters to his friends)