IBM PC Keyboard - Keyboard Layouts

Keyboard Layouts

The PC keyboard changed over the years, often at the launch of new IBM PC versions.

Name Keys Description Image
PC/XT 083 original left-hand side function key (F key) columns, F1 through F10; electronically incompatible with PC/AT keyboard types
PC/AT 084 additional , i.e. System Request; numerical block clearly separated from main keyboard; added indicator LEDs for Caps/Scroll/Num lock
Enhanced additional navigation and control keys; 12 F keys in separate row along top, grouped F1-4, F5-8, and F9-12. Early models of Enhanced keyboard (notably those manufactured by Northgate Ltd.) maintained the layout with function keys on the left side, arranged in two columns of six pairs. This layout was more efficient for touch typists but was superseded in the marketplace by that with F-keys along the top. There are different versions of the Enhanced keyboard layout:
101 standard US layout
102 additional key to the left of the Return key for European layouts
103 additional 2 keys (one to the left and one to the right of the space bar) for the Korean layout
104 Brazilian ABNT NBR 10346 variant 2 (alphanumeric portion) and 10347 (numeric portion).
106 additional 5 keys (one above the tab key, one to the left of the right Shift key, one to the left and two to the right of the space bar) for the Japanese layout
Windows additional Windows key (×2) and Menu key added (one Windows key to the right of the left control key, the other and the Menu key to the left of the right control key). The Windows keyboard was introduced for use with the Windows 95 operating system. Most modern PCs, whether supplied with Windows or not, are now delivered with this layout. Like the Enhanced layout, the Windows keyboard layout differs from region to region:
104 standard US layout
105 European layouts (as above)
106 Korean layout (as above)
107 Brazilian ABNT NBR 10346 variant 2 (alphanumeric portion) and 10347 (numeric).
109 Japanese layout (as above)
IBM PC keyboard (Windows, US layout)
Esc F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 PrtScn/
SysRq
ScrLk Pause/
Break
Ins Home PgUp Num Lock / * -
Del End PgDn 7 8 9 +
4 5 6
1 2 3 Ent
0 .

Common additions to the standard layouts include additional power management keys, volume controls, media player controls, and miscellaneous user-configurable short-cuts for e-mail client, web browser, etc.

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