Impairment may refer to:
- A medical condition that leads to disability
- In accounting, a downward revaluation of fixed assets
- In health, any loss or abnormality of physiological, psychological, or anatomical structure or function, whether permanent or temporary. Identifying impairments that contribute to a functional problem for a patient is a key factor for a health professional to determine appropriate treatment.
- A classification of poor water quality for a surface water body under the U.S. Clean Water Act