Kurdish Language - Historical Phonology

Historical Phonology

OP MP Persian Kurdish Parthian Avestan Proto-Iranian
θ h h s s s
d d d z z z
j z z ž ž j *j, *Vč
ç z z ž ž ç
-š- -š- -š- -h-/nil -š- -š- *-š-
x- x- x- k- x- x- *x-
w- w- b- b- w- w- *w-
y- j- j- j- y- y- *y-
b, d, g w, y, (') w, y, (/nil) w, y, (nil) β, ð, ɣ b, d, g *b, *d, *g
p, t, k b, d, g, b, d, g w, h, y, (/nil) β, ð, ɣ p, t, k *p, *t, *k
Vm -m -m -v (-w) -m -m -*m
fr- fr- (hr-) for- etc. fr- fr- fr- *fr-
ç s s s? hr θr ('s'?) *θr
θw h h h? or w/v? f θw *θw
duv- d- d- d- b- duu- *dw-
s/z s/z s/z sp?/zw? sp/zw sp/zw *św/ *źw
(h)uv- xw- x(w)- x(w)- wx- xv-, huu- *hw-
rd l, r l unclear (maybe: l, ł, r) rð & rz rd & rz *rd & *rź
nd nd/nn nd n nd nd *nd
šn šn šn žn zn sn *śn
Všm, Vhm -šm, -hm -šm, -xm -v (-w) -šm, -hm -šm, -hm *šm?
ft ft ft (w)t, (ft?) ft ft *ft
xt xt xt t xt xt *xt
pasā pas pas pāš paš pas-ča *pas-ča
šiyav- šaw- šaw- č- šaw- šiiu- *čyau-
a- a- a- ha- a- a- *a-
d- -d- -d- -l- -d- -d- -*d-

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Famous quotes containing the word historical:

    Nature never rhymes her children, nor makes two men alike. When we see a great man, we fancy a resemblance to some historical person, and predict the sequel of his character and fortune, a result which he is sure to disappoint. None will ever solve the problem of his character according to our prejudice, but only in his high unprecedented way.
    Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803–1882)