Flora and Fauna
Because of Malden's isolation and aridity, its vegetation is extremely limited. Sixteen species of vascular plants have been recorded, of which nine are indigenous. The island is largely covered in stunted Sida fallax scrub, low herbs and grasses. Few, if any, of the clumps of stunted Pisonia grandis once found on the island still survive. Coconut palms planted by the guano diggers did not thrive, although a few dilapidated trees may still be seen. Introduced weeds, including the low-growing woody vine Tribulus cistoides, now dominate extensive open areas, providing increased cover for young Sooty Terns.
Two kinds of lizards, the Mourning Gecko (Lepidodactylus lugubris) and Snake-eyed Skink (Ablepharus boutonii) are present on Malden, together with brown libellulid dragonfly and large colonies of Sooty Terns and other migratory seabirds (nineteen species in all).
Cats, pigs, goats and house mice were introduced to Malden during the guano-digging period. While the goats and pigs have all died off, feral cats and house mice are still present. Small numbers of green turtles nest on the beaches, and Hermit Crabs abound.
Read more about this topic: Malden Island
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