Redshift Formulae
In general relativity one can derive several important special-case formulae for redshift in certain special spacetime geometries, as summarized in the following table. In all cases the magnitude of the shift (the value of z) is independent of the wavelength.
| Redshift type | Geometry | Formula |
|---|---|---|
| Relativistic Doppler | Minkowski space (flat spacetime) | for small for motion completely in the radial direction. |
| Cosmological redshift | FLRW spacetime (expanding Big Bang universe) | |
| Gravitational redshift | any stationary spacetime (e.g. the Schwarzschild geometry) | (for the Schwarzschild geometry, |
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