Construction
Schwaben redoubt began in early 1915 as a small network of trenches known as the Schwaben Schanze (earthworks) on high ground, roughly 700 metres (770 yd) north of the village of Thiepval. It was connected by trenches to other locations including Mouquet Farm, frontline trenches near Thiepval wood and to Thiepval village. During 1915 the German front trench system was strengthened with an intermediate zone of strongpoints. Schwaben redoubt dominated the high ground in the vicinity of Thiepval to the south and St Pierre Divion to the north-west. The redoubts (which included Stuff and Pommiers redoubts) had observation in all directions and a garrison that could reinforce the front line or deliver a counterattack. The redoubt had deep dug-outs for accommodation (with multiple entrances), a battalion command post, first aid post, signalling station and strongpoints with three heavy machine guns and four light machine guns. The redoubt was triangular, with an extension to the east across the Thiepval–Grandcourt road and had a frontage of around 500 metres (550 yd). The area was garrisoned by troops of 99th Reserve Infantry Regiment, German 26th Reserve Division commanded by Major General Franz Ludwig Freiherr von Soden.
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“There’s no art
To find the mind’s construction in the face.”
—William Shakespeare (1564–1616)
“No construction stiff working overtime takes more stress and straining than we did just to stay high.”
—Gus Van Sant, U.S. screenwriter and director, and Dan Yost. Bob Hughes (Matt Dillon)
“There is, I think, no point in the philosophy of progressive education which is sounder than its emphasis upon the importance of the participation of the learner in the formation of the purposes which direct his activities in the learning process, just as there is no defect in traditional education greater than its failure to secure the active cooperation of the pupil in construction of the purposes involved in his studying.”
—John Dewey (1859–1952)