Slope of A Road or Railway
- Main articles: Grade (slope), Grade separation
There are two common ways to describe how steep a road or railroad is. One is by the angle in degrees, and the other is by the slope in a percentage. See also mountain railway and rack railway. The formulae for converting a slope as a percentage into an angle in degrees and vice versa are:
and
where angle is in degrees and the trigonometric functions operate in degrees. For example, a 100% or 1000‰ slope is 45°.
A third way is to give one unit of rise in say 10, 20, 50 or 100 horizontal units, e.g. 1:10. 1:20, 1:50 or 1:100 (etc.).
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Slope warning sign in the Netherlands
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Slope warning sign in Poland
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A 1371-meter distance of a railroad with a 20‰ slope. Czech Republic
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Steam-age railway gradient post indicating a slope in both directions at Meols railway station, United Kingdom
Read more about this topic: Slope
Famous quotes containing the words road and/or railway:
“There was now no road further, the river being the only highway, and but half a dozen log huts, confined to its banks, to be met with for thirty miles. On either hand, and beyond, was a wholly uninhabited wilderness, stretching to Canada.”
—Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
“Her personality had an architectonic quality; I think of her when I see some of the great London railway termini, especially St. Pancras, with its soot and turrets, and she overshadowed her own daughters, whom she did not understand—my mother, who liked things to be nice; my dotty aunt. But my mother had not the strength to put even some physical distance between them, let alone keep the old monster at emotional arm’s length.”
—Angela Carter (1940–1992)