Demographics
Main article: Demographics of Slovenia| Historical population | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1921 | 1,054,919 | — |
| 1931 | 1,144,298 | +8.5% |
| 1948 | 1,391,873 | +21.6% |
| 1953 | 1,466,425 | +5.4% |
| 1961 | 1,591,523 | +8.5% |
| 1971 | 1,727,137 | +8.5% |
| 1981 | 1,891,864 | +9.5% |
| 1991 | 1,913,355 | +1.1% |
| 2002 | 1,964,036 | +2.6% |
| 2011 | 2,050,189 | +4.4% |
| Ethnic composition of Slovenia (according to the 2002 census) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Slovene | 83.06% | |||
| Serb | 1.98% | |||
| Croat | 1.81% | |||
| Bosniak | 1.10% | |||
| other minorities | 4.85% | |||
| undeclared or unknown | 8.9% | |||
With 101 inhabitants per square kilometre (262/sq mi), Slovenia ranks low among the European countries in population density (compared to 402/km² (1042/sq mi) for the Netherlands or 195/km² (505/sq mi) for Italy). The Notranjska-Kras statistical region has the lowest population density while the Central Slovenian statistical region has the highest.
According to the 2002 census, Slovenia's main ethnic group are the Slovenes (83%). At least 13% of the population were immigrants from other parts of Former Yugoslavia and their descendants. They have settled mainly in cities and suburbanised areas. Relatively small but protected by the Constitution of Slovenia are the Hungarian and the Italian ethnic minority. A special position is held by the autochthonous and geographically dispersed Roma ethnic community.
Slovenia is among the European countries with the most pronounced ageing of population, ascribable to a low birth rate and increasing life expectancy. Almost all Slovenian inhabitants older than 64 are retired, with no significant difference between the genders. The working-age group is diminishing in spite of immigration. The proposal to raise the retirement age from the current 57 for women and 58 for men was rejected in a referendum in 2011. In addition, the difference among the genders regarding life expectancy is still significant. In 2007, it was 74.6 years for men and 81.8 years for women.
In 2009, the suicide rate in Slovenia was 22 per 100,000 persons per year, which places Slovenia among the highest ranked European countries in this regard. Nonetheless, from 2000 until 2010, the rate has decreased by about 30%. The differences between regions and the genders are pronounced.
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