Scan Dose
| Examination | Typical effective dose (mSv) to the whole body |
Typical absorbed dose (mGy) to the organ in question |
|---|---|---|
| Annual background radiation | 2.4 | 2.4 |
| Chest X-ray | 0.02 | 0.01–0.15 |
| Head CT | 1–2 | 56 |
| Screening mammography | 0.4 | 3 |
| Abdomen CT | 8 | 14 |
| Chest CT | 5–7 | 13 |
| CT colonography | 6–11 | |
| Chest, abdomen and pelvis CT | 9.9 | 12 |
| Cardiac CT angiogram | 9–12 | 40–100 |
| Barium enema | 15 | 15 |
| Neonatal abdominal CT | 20 | 20 |
The table reports average radiation exposures, however, there is a wide variation in radiation doses between similar scan types, where the highest dose could be as much as 22 times higher than the lowest dose. A typical plain film x-ray involves radiation dose of 0.01 to 0.15 mGy, while a typical CT can involve 10–20 mGy for specific organs, and can go up to 80 mGy for certain specialized CT scans.
For purposes of comparison, the world average dose rate from naturally occurring sources of background radiation is 2.4 mSv per year, equal for practical purposes in this application to 2.4 mGy per year. While there is some variation, most people (99%) received less than 7 mSv per year as background radiation. Medical imaging as of 2007 accounted for half of the radiation exposure of those in the United states with CT scans making up two thirds of this amount. In the United Kingdom it accounts for 15% of radiation exposure. The average radiation dose from medical sources is ~0.6 mSv per person globally as of 2007. Those in the nuclear industry in the United States are limited to doses of 50 mSv a year and 100 mSv every 5 years.
Read more about this topic: X-ray Computed Tomography
Famous quotes containing the word dose:
“When a mother quarrels with a daughter, she has a double dose of unhappiness—hers from the conflict, and empathy with her daughter’s from the conflict with her. Throughout her life a mother retains this special need to maintain a good relationship with her daughter.”
—Terri Apter (20th century)