Common Procedures Using Fluoroscopy
- Investigations of the gastrointestinal tract, including barium enemas, defecating proctograms, barium meals and barium swallows, and enteroclysis. See also section below
- Orthopaedic surgery to guide fracture reduction and the placement of metalwork.
- Angiography of the leg, heart and cerebral vessels.
- Placement of a PICC (peripherally inserted central catheter)
- Placement of a weighted feeding tube (e.g. Dobhoff) into the duodenum after previous attempts without fluoroscopy have failed.
- Urological surgery – particularly in retrograde pyelography.
- Implantation of cardiac rhythm management devices (pacemakers, implantable cardioverter defibrillators and cardiac resynchronization devices)
- Discography, an invasive diagnostic procedure for evaluation for intervertebral disc pathology.
Another common procedure is the modified barium swallow study during which barium-impregnated liquids and solids are ingested by the patient. A radiologist records and, with a speech pathologist, interprets the resulting images to diagnose oral and pharyngeal swallowing dysfunction. Modified barium swallow studies are also used in studying normal swallow function.
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